Pingyu Zhu

The Quantum Zeno effect inhibits the evolution of quantum states through repeated yet weak measurements, thereby significantly enhancing the detection probability of interaction-free measurement (IFM). This fundamental mechanism facilitates high-efficiency counterfactual quantum communication that information delivery without particle transmission through the channel. Regrettably, the original protocol left the weak trace of particles in the channel; fortunately, an upgraded counterfactual communication protocol eliminates this issue by modifying the structure unit according to two-state vector formalism~(TSVF). However, no study has realized the application of the quantum Zeno effect in weak-trace-free counterfactual communication to achieve efficient information transmission. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate weak-trace-free counterfactual communication via the quantum Zeno effect on a nanophotonic chip, achieving a transmission probability of 74.2 ± 1.6% for bit 0 and 85.1 ± 1.3% for bit 1. Furthermore, we successfully transmit our Quanta group's logo through counterfactual communication implemented on the chip.